长江口潮波对海平面上升的响应研究

    Impact of Sea Level Rising on Tidal Wave at Mouth of the Yangtze River

    • 摘要: 感潮河段同时受到径流和潮汐作用,海平面上升导致外海的潮汐动力增强,会对近岸感潮河段造成影响。文章通过MIKE 21建立长江下游水域水动力数学模型,基于大通站的径流数据计算分析海平面分别上升0.5 m、1 m和2 m对长江芜湖至入海口感潮河段潮波变化的影响。研究结果表明:① 海平面上升对感潮河段潮位的影响主要可以分为入海口至徐六泾上游约35 km处、徐六泾上游约35 km处至潮区界两段。对潮流的影响可分为入海口至徐六泾下游约50 km处、徐六泾下游约50 km处至潮流界两段。② 在海平面上升0.5 m、1.0 m及2.0 m情形下,受影响河段平均潮位增量明显小于海平面增量,降低幅度受径流和位置影响较大。径流越大,影响范围越靠近内陆,海平面上升对潮位的影响就越低。③ 潮差变化与海平面变化呈正相关,上游河段受径流影响较大,而河口区域基本不受径流影响。河段潮流受海平面上升影响,流速主要呈增大趋势,受影响河流的长度由径流强度决定。

       

      Abstract: Both runoff and tide act on the flow in tidal reach.Sea level rising will lead to increase of tide-generating force, in turn, the impact on the flow in tidal reach.The hydrodynamic model for lower reaches of Yangtze River is built with MIKE12 and the change of tidal wave in the tidal reach from Wuhu to the estuary of the Yangtze River are calculated according to the runoff data from Datong Hydrometric Station, for sea level rising of 0.5m, 1m, and 2m, respectively.The findings of the research are presented as follows:1.The tidal reach can be divided into two sections in terms of the impact of sea level rising, one from the estuary to 35km upstream of Xuliujing and the other from 35km upstream of Xuliujing to the tidal current limit.2.For sea level rising of 0.5m, 1.0m, and 2.0m, the increase of the average tide level in the affected section is notably less than the increment of sea level, depending on the runoff and the position.The impact goes down when going upstream and/or as runoff increases.3.The change of tidal range and the change of sea level are positively correlated.The runoff has strong influence in upstream section but little influence in the estuary.Speed of tidal current in the reach goes up as sea level rises.The strength of runoff will decide the affecting range of tidal current.

       

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