Abstract: In order to improve the safety of water transportation and reduce collision accidents, a quantitative model of ship collision hazard based on complex network is proposed. By constructing the complex network and calculating the relationship strength to reflect the relationship between ships, the RDF（Radial Distribution Function） is used to analyze the density factor of the ship and discuss the traffic situation around the ship; the centrality of the network is used to analyze the conflict factor of the ship; and the affiliation function based on the power law of Stevens is used to integrate the density factor and the conflict factor to improve the collision hazard quantification method based on ship pairs. In order to prove the accuracy of the model, example verification is carried out and compared with the method based on the superposition calculation of ship pairs, and the results show that the present model has a certain degree of accuracy. By analyzing the actual water situation, the corresponding warning mechanism is discussed, which can be used for monitoring the water traffic situation and hazard warning.